Islam And Modernity Annotated Bibliography - 1377 Words

ISLAM AND MODERNITY: COURSEWORK 1 The document is an extract taken from the book al-Mar’a al-Jadida (The New Woman, 1900) written by Qasim Amin (1863-1809), an Egyptian lawyer ‘renowned for his support of women s liberation in the Islamic world’. Amin’s strong will to stand up against public opinion in Egypt s contemporary society as well as his aristocratic background and attitude toward the masses and politics, led him to see reform from a special position. Although Amin despised politics in general, he makes mention of authoritarianism in the extract, which he believed was a root of Muslim decline in Egypt. The majority of the extract focuses instead on the reform of social and ethnic conditions. However In summation, he did not approve of the grasping and manipulative nature of colonialism yet chose not to focus his attention or his audience s on resisting it. He believed that government oppression was the root of all oppression in society, and he believed that ending oppression would spread a culture of ethics and rights. In this regard, Amin was very critical of the Muslim governments in general and of Mohamed Ali’s regime in particular. Rather, he believed in gradual change through spreading education and moral philosophy and that empowerment would arise only when ideas were ‘nurtured’, enabling a path to a reformed and advanced culture. So instead, he introduced social and cultural ideas that were taboos of his time and hoped that the succeeding generationsShow MoreRelatedA Critical Review of â€Å"the Ambiguities of Football, Politics, Culture, and Social Transformation in Latin America† by Tamir Bar-on.14147 Words   |  57 Pagesalienate La tin Americas popular sectors: The end of the Cold War and a triumphant global capitalism without a systemic communist challenge and balance; the New World Orders search for novel scapegoats to replace the communist threat (Saddam Hussein? Islam? China? Cuba? Colombian drugs?); the homogenized version of reality presented by corporate mass media giants like CNN and Telemundo throughout the Latin American continent; and the growing pauperization of the areas population as a result of so-called

Essay on The Downside to Standardized Testing - 1022 Words

The Downside to Standardized Testing After 1965, preparation for mandatory standardized testing began to take over traditional teaching techniques and curriculum plans in the classroom. These tests are designed to measure a students skill level in relation to other students who take the same test. Schools are being transformed from centers of learning to centers of test preparation.(Wetzel,Bill) Teaching to the test has caused an uproar between teachers, students, and administrators globally, nationally, state-wide, and locally. There are many positive and negative perspectives when it comes to standardized testing and teaching solely to the test. Is maintaining a good reputation for schools such a priority that valuable class†¦show more content†¦A Flour Bluff high chool teacher exclaimed I do not spend a great deal of time talking about current events; we have a timeline,and each class has to cover so much material every six weeks(Gowens, Jenny) in order for our students to be successful academically and co mpete with other students in the state, they have got to know the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills test. The only way to get this goal accomplished is for teachers to spend hours and hours a day teaching what students should already know. Its up to the individual schools and teachers, Assistant Superintendent Arturo Almendarez said. In Texas, principals can lose their jobs if their schools standardized test scores dont measure up; superintendents can be fired and school boards can be dissolved if districts perform poorly. But by teaching to the test, they take care of this problem. I am extremely pleased so many students exceeded expectations, Gov. Rick Perry said. Our students have risen to the challenge with help from a strong curriculum and dedicated teaching professionals. If all time is being devoted to test taking skills, there is no variety to learning. Once the year is over, the only proof of acquired knowledge is your test results, which does not show what you have lea rned, only what you have memorized. A 1999 state law requires third graders to pass the reading test and meet local promotion requirements before they can move on to the fourth grade. After interviewing someShow MoreRelatedStudent Testing Needs a Revision721 Words   |  3 PagesFor more than 50 years standardized tests have been a bane of student life in America. With the initiation of the No Child Left Behind law there is more pressure being put on students and teachers to do well on these tests. Unfortunately, the standardized testing only gives a small look into what a student is learning. Standardized testing is ineffective, and there are other options out there that can be used to evaluate the American education system. Standardized testing is used in every schoolRead MoreStandardized Testing Is Not Be Completely Honest I Do Not Know About Standardized Test1151 Words   |  5 PagesStandardize Testing Being completely honest I do not know much about standardized test. I remember having to take them as a student in elementary and junior high. I knew that I would not be receiving a letter grade on these test. I remember never stressing about taking the test. To be honest if I did not understand the question I was the kid that just made a design on the answer sheet. I absolutely was not aware of the reasoning or purpose of test. As a parent, I see my kids stress out about takingRead MoreUsing Standardized Testing Within Our Education System1455 Words   |  6 PagesFilling in Bubbles is Useless Standardized testing is used excessively in the United States to determine where a student should be placed. It determines what classes a student should take, how the school is scoring as a whole, and even provides information on how well a teacher is teaching the material. However, there seems to be a huge argument on whether this type of testing is actually beneficial. One controversial argument is that it only proves how well a student is able to memorize the materialRead MoreStandardized Testing Is Not Be Completely Honest, I Do Not Know About Standardized Test1363 Words   |  6 Pages  Standardize Testing Being completely honest, I do not know much about standardized test. I remember having to take them as a student in elementary and junior high. I knew that I would not be receiving a letter grade on these tests. I remember never stressing about taking the test. To be honest if I did not understand the question I was the kid that just made a design on the answer sheet. I absolutely was not aware of the reasoning or purpose of tests. As a parent, I see my kids stress outRead MorePros And Cons Of Standardized Testing1400 Words   |  6 PagesEven though there are many downsides to standardized testing there are still viable reasons why they are still being used today. One of the main reasons includes the easy and quick access of testing students. Standardized testing allows schools to quickly access a large amount of students at one time. This is also one of the cheapest ways to tests such a large crowd due to machinery that grades which results in low tests costs for students. These tests also help by setting a national curriculum forRead MoreThe Problem Solving Brain And Learning955 Words   |  4 Pagesstrategy that was identified was standardized testing. Standardized testing is great because teachers are able to compare their students with other students in other classes. This allows teachers to find topics that their classes are struggling with. They are able to do this because if twenty students answer a question wrong they are able to pinpoint that they need to go over that concept. This is why I would use standardized testing. However, a downside to standardized testing is the limitations the wayRead MoreCommon Core And The American Education System881 Words   |  4 Pagesis destroying the American school system by doing the following: pushing standardized tests on students, defunding schools that do not support common core or test too low, and miseducating students on an everday scale. For starters, Common Core is defined as an academic outline that specializes in Math and the English Language that every student should know before moving on to higher grades. Common Core has various downsides. In order for states to recieve funding from the government they must adhereRead MoreComparing Informatics And Clinical Informatics866 Words   |  4 Pagesinitiation of these smart pumps, IV fluids and medications ran by gravity and the rates were determined by the drop set of the IV tubing being used. The downside of this type of infusion is that the patients constant repositioning of the arm that the fluid is infusing in can cause a major increase or decrease in the rate of flow. Another downside is that there are no alarms in place to alert staff that the infusion is complete or if it is not infusing as it should be or if the site has infiltratedRead MoreEssay on Standardized Testing Is Counterproductive2010 Words   |  9 PagesExcessive testing has been integrated in t he public school system to measure student intelligence, observe teacher proficiency, and distribute federal funds since the passage of the No Child Left behind Act (NCLBA) of 2001. The (NCLBA) ‘‘called for 100% of the nation’s public school students to become proficient in mathematics and reading by 2014’’ through the usage of standardized testing (Hanson 3). Since the inception of this policy there have been numerous issues involved in these tests. ‘‘InsteadRead MoreShould a Computer Grade Your Essays?1499 Words   |  6 Pagesof colleagues, Les Perleman, Mark Shermis, and Ben Hamner, introduced over 16,000, K7-12 standardized school tests to the AES (automated essay scoring software) to compare results of hand-scored essays; the results appeared to produce a more accurate grade, however, no official statistical studies were performed to accurately maintain the claim. Essay Raters (e-Rater), developed by the Educational Testing Service (ETS), allowed Perelman to access, and analyze the technology. ETS uses vocabulary

Monetary Policy Process

Question: Discuss about the Monetary Policy Process. Answer: Introduction The four asset classes in Table I are Australian shares, Australian Bonds, Cash rate and International stocks. The first asset class is the Australian shares. This consist the companies listed on ASX and the returns are the year on year return on these stocks. The next asset class is the Australian Bonds which are the bonds issued by the Australian Government. The next asset class is the Australian cash rate also called the official cash rate (OCR). This is the Australian base rate. Banks pay this interest rate when they take out a loan with a maturity of 1 day from another bank.(RBA, 2016) The next asset class is the international stocks which are scrips listed on exchanges all over the world other than Australia. Using the data from the table which is the 25-year year on year return on these asset classes Arithmetic mean, Geometric Mean and Standard deviation has been calculated. A spreadsheet has been used to calculate the various measures. The table below summarises the results. Asset class Australian Shares Australian Bonds Cash Rate International Stocks Arithmetic Mean 15.98571429 11.51429 9.257143 14.88571 Geometric Mean 14.38 10.14 8.32 13.14 Standard Deviation 21.4592035 6.855883 4.332224 22.08374 Arithmetic mean of returns is simply the average of returns over a given period of time. While it is a simple and handy tool for calculating average returns the problem arises when there are negative returns in a given year. In that case arithmetic mean doesnt necessarily give the best estimate of a risk-return on an asset. Geometric mean on the other hand is a better estimate of a risk return on an asset. Arithmetic mean would tend to overstate the growth and not give a fair estimate of risk return, it does provide an average performance measure over multiple holding periods. Well-known in statistics, AM is more sensitive to outliers than is GM and as such GM may be preferred in such cases. From the perspective of risk averseness, AM might not be preferred. (Yang, Hung, Zhao, 2013)If we consider an asset with returns of 10%,20% and 6% over three years, the AM would be 12% whereas the GM would be 10.62%. Hence we observe that AM across all asset classes is more than the geometric me an. Standard deviation is the square root of the variance which in turn is the difference between the mean and the actual return. Hence standard deviation is a good tool to measure the volatility of an asset.(New York University, 2013) Generally, a stable asset would have less standard deviation compared to a risky and a volatile asset. AM for Australian shares is roughly 16% while the GM is 14.4% and the standard deviation is 21.45 from the Arithmetic Mean. This would indicate a highly volatile asset. AM for Australian Bonds is 11.5 and the GM is 10.14 and the standard deviation is 6.85 from the mean. This would indicate a relatively stable asset. AM for cash rate is 9.25 and the GM is 8.32 while the deviation is 4.33 indicating that across all assets this is the most stable. AM for international stocks is 15 whereas GM is roughly 13 whereas the SD is 22 indicating that this is the most volatile asset. Construction of A Portfolio Fiscal Vs Monetary Policy Fiscal policy refers to the government policies regarding expenditures and tac levels through which it monitors and controls a nations economy. Summing it up it can be described as the framework for tax rates and government expenditures. Through the means of these the government can change(increase or decrease) aggregate demand and level of economic activity. It can also bring about changes in savings and investment patterns. When the economic growth is slow, government can use the fiscal policy to decrease the tax rate thereby increasing aggregate demand and conversely use it to the opposite effect as well to slow down the pace of strong economic growth and stabilise prices.(Caballero, 2013) On the other hand, Monetary policyis the process through which the monetary authority of a country, generally a central bank controls the supply of money in the economy by its control over interest rates in order to maintain price stability and achieve high economic growth. By controlling the supply of money to the economy the central banks can either induce increased demand or slow up an economy growing at a pace faster than anticipated in order to stop inflationary trends. The three factors that would determine how sensitive a firms earnings are to the business cycle are: Nature of product: The sale of non necessary goods such as show pieces, collectibles will decline whereas that of necessary items such as groceries etc would be stable. Operating leverage: A company having a low ratio of fixed costs to variables costs will be more flexible in adjusting to price cuts as compared to a company with high fixed costs. Debt-equity ratio: A firm having more debt in its capital structure is said to be leveraged. Debt although decreases the WACC(Weighted Average Cost of Capital) and increases profitability when the firm is in high growth phase, but it also increases the burden of fixed expenses. Hence having the leverage of debt in a capital structure is a two edged sword as it makes the firm less sensitive to recessionary trends. Valution of Options The value of a call option in the Black-Scholes model can be written as a function of the five variables: S = Current stock price; in this case 39 K = Strike price of the option; in this case 35 t = Life to expiration of the option; in this case given as 6 months or year r = Riskless interest rate corresponding to the life of the option which is given as 5.3% in the given scenario ^2= Variance in the ln(value) of the underlying asset; in this case given as square of 0.3 Value of call = S N (d1) - K e-rt N(d2) where d1 = ln(S/K) + (r + ^2/2 ) t/ *t^1/2 Note that e-rt is the present value factor and reflects the fact that the exercise price on the call option does not have to be paid until expiration. N(d1) and N(d2) are probabilities, estimated by using a cumulative standardized normal distribution and the values of d1 and d2 obtained for an option.(Damodran, 2005) Using the values on a spreadsheet d1 is obtained as 1.86 and d2 is obtained as 1.66. Using the normal distribution table from the prescribed textbook then N(d1) and N(d2) is obtained as 0.9686 and 0.9515 respectively. Using the formula then value of the call is obtained as $8.83. Similarly, value of put option is given by P=Xe^-rT[1-N(d2)]-S[1-n(d1))] (Damodran, 2005) Putting the values in the formula the put option valuation is arrived at $1.01. Mark to Market Settlements The daily mark-to-market settlements for each contract held by the long position has been calculated and tabulated as follows. The values in the second column obtained by subtracting that days price with the starting price and the total proceeds calculated by multiplying the total quantity with the second column which in this case is 100 ounces. Day profit/loss per ounce Total proceeds 0 1197.9 1 1198.7 0.8 80 2 1194.7 -3.2 -320 3 1247.9 50 5000 4 1239.1 41.2 4120 5 1239.1 41.2 4120 6 1207.9 10 1000 7 1211.1 13.2 1320 8 1226.1 28.2 2820 9 1230.4 32.5 3250 10 1209.5 11.6 1160 Basis is the difference between the spot price and the future price. For example, if the spot price for a ounce of gold is $195 and the future price for delivery after 10 days is $198. In that case the basis is 3 dollars. Suppose the next day the spot price decreases to 193 dollars and the future price for delivery becomes 195. In that case the basis reduces to 3 dollars from 2 dollars. In any hedging strategy there is a risk that the two investments used to offset each other wont move in the same direction. This exposes the investor to a position wherein he/she can make excess gains or losses arising from the fluctuations. This risk is called the basis risk.(Ankirchner, Kratz, Kruse, 2013) For example an investor hedges a two-year bond with purchase of govt bills. The risk that the two wont move in the same direction is always there and forms the foundation for the basis risk. Futures and options are financial contracts and both are examples of derivatives as their value is derived from that of an underlying asset. Future is an example of a financial contract Futures are much similar to forwards but are a more evolved product in the sense that they are flexible and give the option of removing the obligation before the expiry of the contract. Future contracts are widely used by the banks to hedge currency risks.(Meera, 2002) Options are similar financial contracts but the main point wherein they differ from futures is that entering into an option contract gives the buyer of the option right but not the obligation to buy or sell an asset. A call option is for buy, whereas a put option is for sell. Risk Adjusted Return Mesaures Sharpe ratio was a tool developed by William Sharpe and since its inception has become the most widely used measure for evaluating risk adjusted return. It is given by (Return on the Asset-Risk free rate)/Standard deviation.(Pav, 2016) For the given example, Sharpe ratio of the portfolio is calculated as (0.12-0.055)/0.33 which is obtained as 0.19 or in other words for every point of return the investor is carrying 0.19 units of risk. Similarly, the Sharpe ratio for the market using the same method is obtained as 0.1. Hence what Sharpe ratio deduces is that the portfolio is giving more return per unit of risk and hence outperforms the market. Treynor ratio is a tool quite similar to Sharpe ratio in a lot of aspects and again is a widely used measure to evaluate how much return an investor gets per unit of risk. It is given by the formula (Risk premium)/beta. For the given example the risk premium for the portfolio is 6.5% whereas that for the market is 2.5% since the risk free rate is given as 8% and hence the premium is obtained by subtracting this from the average return ion each respective asset. Hence Trey nor ratio for the portfolio is obtained as 0.056 whereas that for the market is obtained as 0.025. Simply put this implies that for every unit of risk the portfolio gives a return of 5,6% whereas the market gives a return of 2.5%. Hence quite alike to the Sharpe ratio Treynor ratio too indicates at a similar result.(Lan, 2012) The Jensens is a risk adjusted performance measure and evaluates the return of a portfolio over and above that as predicted by the CAPM model. It is given by Expected portfolio return-((risk free rate beta(market return-risk free rate))(Gerber Hens, 2009) Hence for the given example the Jensens alpha for the portfolio is obtained as 0.03625. The higher the alpha the better performing it is. That for the market is obviously 0. The information ratio is a variation of the Sharpe ratio and is again used to evaluate from the investors point of view as to how much excess return is generated from the amount of excess risk taken relative to the benchmark. The information ratio measures a portfolios excess return relative to its benchmark tracking error. It answers the question of how much reward a manager generated in relation to the risks he or she took deviating from the benchmark. The information ratio is used for measuring active managers against a passive benchmark.(KIDD, 2011) The information ratio is calculated by dividing the portfolios mean excess return relative to its benchmark by the variability of that excess return. For the given portfolio the information ratio is obtained as 0.5. This can be interpreted as an above average result.(Clement, 2009) The M2 measure also known as the Modigliani Miller risk adjusted performance(RAP) measure is a performance measure for portfolios. It is given by(Rp-Rf)/Beta of the portfolio*benchmark beta+risk free rate.(Scholz Wilkens, 2005) Using the values from the example M2 measure is obtained as 11.58% or 0.1158. References Ankirchner, S., Kratz, P., Kruse, T. (2013). Hedging forward positions: basis risk versus liqquidity costs. Bodie, Kane, Marcus. (2014). Investments. McGraw Hill. Caballero, G. (2013). Effects of Fiscal and Monetary Policy in the Great Recession. Clement, C. (2009). Interpreting the Information Ratio. Damodran, A. (2005). Option Pricing Theory And Models. In A. Damodran, Corporate Finance. New York: Stern. Gerber, A., Hens, T. (2009). Jensens Alpha in the CAPM with Heterogeneous Models Financial Valuation and Risk Management. National Centre of Competence in Research. KIDD, D. (2011).Investment Performance Measurement. Lan, Z. J. (2012). Measuring Risk adjusted return. AAII. Meera, A. K. (2002). Hedging Foreign Exchange Risk with Forwards, Futures,Options and the Gold Dinar: A Comparison Note. New York University. (2013). Standard Deviations. In Stern. New York: New York University. Pav, S. E. (2016). Notes on the Sharpe ratio. RBA. (2016). Cash rate. Retrieved from RBA: https://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/cash-rate/ Scholz, H., Wilkens, M. (2005). A Jigsaw Puzzle of Basic Risk-adjusted Performance Measures. The Journal of Performance Measurement. Yang, C. W., Hung, K., Zhao, Y. (2013). A Comparison of Risk Return Relationship in the Portfolio Selection Models. ISI World Statistics Congress, 3495-4500.

Implications for Management Skills Business Stakeholders

Question: Describe about the Implications for Management Skills for Business Stakeholders. Answer: Introduction The article reports about a survey that was conducted in New Zealand in 2012. 265 chief executives who represented 27% of the largest organizations in the country participated in the survey. The aim of the study was to analyse the most critical challenges which were present in the environment of the country and discuss what implications they were having on the management skills of the nation and also consider how the development of skills could be supported by the practitioners of human resource. The outcome of the survey indicated a complex environment comprising changing markets as well as technologies wherein the support which was provided by the stakeholders was highly conditional and guarded. There was a continuous war in terms of talent and there was a necessity of reframing the business models for responding to the changes that were not only fast paced but also ambiguous. It was suggested that there is a requirement for three significant management skills that include manageme nt of limited resources and people, management of business partners and stakeholders and management of uncertainty and renewal. This required the focus of the HR specialists on developing managers and also themselves participate in the process of development (Hutchison Boxall, 2014). This essay will be critically analyzing the article. Relevant Thesis Statement A thesis statement is considered to be a sentence which provides a summary of the papers key idea or ideas and expresses in a clear way what is going to be said with respect to the topic. It identifies topic that is to be discussed and the purpose that the paper serves (Purdue University, 2016). On the basis of the above definition a relevant thesis statement that has been identified from the article is as follows Examination of what the chief executives belonging to private, public as well as not-for-profit organizations regard as the most crucial issues existing in their present environment, figuring out the implications that these issues have for management skills and on that basis find out the important managerial capabilities and the way in which their development can be supported by the HR specialists. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Article On the basis of the thesis statement the following strengths as well as weakness of the article can be identified Strengths The literature review was conducted by the author to find out the current scenario that was existing in New Zealand and how the changes were taking place particularly in view of the global economic crisis. A comparison has also been made with the nations like its neighboring country Australia, the USA and the UK. It takes into consideration the sectors where the country has been performing well and the sectors where it is lagging behind. It also considers the challenges that the country has been facing given the small scale that the countrys industry has, challenges which are being faced by the country in order to retain its educated workforce and what caliber does the management of the country have and is it what is required by the nation. The literature review is focused and the gaps in the literature have been identified by the author as it is mentioned that the previous literature has not taken into consideration the opinions of the chief executives who understand the challenges better (Randolf, 2009). These gaps have been addressed in the study by conducting an in-depth survey of the chief-executives of the country and their perception of the context so that their opinions can help in the development of implications for the capabilities of the managers. The method used is appropriate as it carries out a survey of the chief executives who for any organization are the major decision makers. All the three sectors that is private, public as well as the non-for-profit organizations were covered for the purpose of conducting the survey. Hence the sample was a representative one which attempted to take into consideration the views of all the three sectors of the countrys economy and the challenges which are being faced by them (Floyd Fowler, 2009). A large range of industries as well as organizational sizes were selected from these sectors for taking part in the survey. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis was a part of the survey. Use of mixed method encouraged using multiple worldviews on the topic which improved the outcomes and a more practical solution to the problem was made possible (Lislie, 2011). The first section provided the respondents with lists of challenges and risks that were kept separate and with the help of the Likert scale they had to rate the intensity which according to them each of the item had. Likert scale is best suited for measurement of such data (Boone Boone, 2012). Open ended questions were also added in case anyone of the respondent wanted to add something besides the given options. This would ensure that all the aspects were covered. This is a very practical approach that the author has adopted. The directions for future research have also been taken into account by the author. Weaknesses The survey considered only the 1000 biggest organizations from the different sectors while the smaller organizations were not considered. The survey to get the opinion of only the top executives meant that the response rate was 27% as people of this level are generally difficult to survey because of their time constraints. It would have been a better idea to include some people from the other management levels also. My Viewpoint I believe that the author is correct in adopting both the qualitative as well as the quantitative methods for the survey as this method provides is able to provide comparatively more evidence than the study which uses either quantitative or qualitative research. The options that the researcher had in mind and also the ones that the chief executives could add were both taken into consideration. However, according to my perspective it would have been appropriate for the researcher to include the other executives from the senior management and middle management also in the survey. That would have led to a better representation of the situation under study and also their perspectives would have been obtained as they are the ones who will be in direct contact with the employees and providing them the required training. I completely agree with the thesis statement of the article as according to me in order to face the situation of economic downturn and the other critical challenges that are being posed by the environment, it is absolutely necessary to know their implications on the managerial skills so that the appropriate steps can be adopted by the HR practitioners for facilitating the development of the required skills. This will be helpful for the organizations of New Zealand to face the current situation in a better way and be prepared for changes that occur in the dynamic environment. Additionally, availability of better opportunities in the country will take place and this will control the increasing migration of the countrys workforce to Australia in search of better jobs. This will make the climate of business more innovative, creative, flexible and stable. Managerial skills include sets of attributes as well as qualities in the managers personality which assists them in managing effectively the organisations working. Several studies have also supported the significance of good managerial skills for improving organizational efficiency as well as performance (Kamble, 2011). Encouraging and facilitating change is crucial in the environment that exists currently. The relevant behaviours comprise collective learning, fostering innovation, envisioning and also advocating change (G.A. Gordon, 2002). The capabilities that help managers in creating, extending and modifying the ways by which the organizations can survive help in providing explanations to the relationships that exist between decisions of managers, strategic change and performance of the organization (Helfat Martin, 2014). I also consider that it is very essential for the HR managers to consider management of people as well as limited resources, management of stakeholders and management of renewal as well as uncertainty as their main focus because they will provide the organization with the capability of facing challenges that the environment poses. Conclusion The article has a relevant thesis statement and on the basis of that the author has conducted an appropriate literature review. It has been observed that the article has a number of strengths and also possess certain weaknesses. The strengths are mainly visible in the use of the mixed methods approach which is more practical for the research. All the sectors of the economy have been taken into consideration in order to find out the most critical issues or challenges that the organizations face so that their managerial implications can be discussed and would become easier for the HR management to develop these critical skills in the employees through proper training and ensure that the organization is able to tackle the situations arising out of the dynamic environmental conditions. However, there are also certain weaknesses in the article as the number of people who finally responded to the survey are less and hence it would have been more appropriate if the author had included the o ther senior and middle level managers in the survey apart from the chief executives. This would have provided the author with other important implications. Bibliography Boone, H.N. Boone, D.A., 2012. Analyzing Likert Data. Journal of Extension, 50(2). Floyd, J. Fowler, J., 2009. Survey Research Methods. 4th ed. Nashville: SAGE. G.A., Y. Gordon, T., 2002. A hierarchical taxonomy of leadership behavior. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 9(1), pp.15-32. Helfat, C.E. Martin, J.A., 2014. Dynamic Managerial Capabilities: Review and Assessment of Managerial Impact on Strategic Change. Journal of Management, 41(5), pp.1281-312. Hutchison, A. Boxall, P., 2014. The critical challenges facing New Zealands chief executives: implications for management skills. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 52, pp.23-41. Kamble, R.R., 2011. Managerial Skills for Organizational Performance :An Analytical Study. Indian Streams Research Journal, 1(1), pp.23-27. Lislie, J.D., 2011. THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF MIXING METHODS AND METHODOLOGIES:Lessons Learnt From Implementing Qualitatively Led Mixed Methods Research Designs in Trinidad and Tobago. Caribbean Curriculum, 18, pp.87-120. Purdue University, 2016. WRITING A THESIS STATEMENT. [Online] Available at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/print/general/gl_thesis.html [Accessed 16 September 2016]. Randolf, J.J., 2009. A Guide to Writing the Dissertation Literature Review. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 13, p.14.

Colin Poole Essays - Dustin Hoffman, Theatre, Dorothy, Dorsey, Film

Colin Poole ENGL 217 Paper 2 - Acting The movie Tootsie contains an interesting acting performance with a kind of duality to it. In the film, Dustin Hoffman plays a struggling character actor named Michael Dorsey. Dorsey, a talented actor, is having trouble finding work, as his reputation of being difficult to work with makes it so that no one w ants to hire him. Therefore, so he can find acting work, Dorsey dresses up as a woman, becoming Dorothy Michaels, and quickly becomes a national sensation. Hoffman's performance is quite interesting in the film, as he not only has to play role of Michael Dorsey, but the role of Dorothy Michaels, or more accurately, Dorothy Michaels as played by Michael Dorsey. More interesting are the specific ways in which Hoffman gives you a sense of both characters. Essentially, there are two different characters being portrayed here. In addition to the mannerisms Hoffman adopts to portray Michael , he adopts an entirely new set of mannerisms to portray Dorothy. The w ays in which the two characters contrast, at times very comedically, also serves to give viewers a sense of the characters that Hoffman portrays. Ultimately, Dustin Hoffman's performance gives us a sense of his character through the mannerisms he exhibits for each character, the way they both contrast, and additionally the way Hoffman's characters view themselves. Michael Dorsey is a character that, through Hoffman's performance, we learn quickly is nitpicky, arrogant, and generally challenging and tedious to be around. His body language is often defensive, and he tends to stand and address people in closed off positions, such as with his arms crossed, when speaking. He is quick to get defensive and to lash out at others, and he seems to believe that everyone is wrong except for himself, most of the time. This is highlighted during a heated argument when Michael's manager informs Michael that no one in town wants to work with him because of his reputation, and he responds with a callous wave of the hand, dismissing the charge that this predicament is his own fault. Additionally, he has a keen attention to detail, which we learn not only from his own admission in the film, but from the way we watch him fuss over outfits and wigs used by his alter ego, Dorothy Michaels, and from how he will at times verbally assault others, such as whe n he is showing his friend Sandy how to act angry, to challenge them to do more than they believe they are capable of. Additionally, while preparing to be Dorothy Michaels, Dorsey meticulously shaves his legs, applies make up, and carries out a long and high maintenance routine to make sure that she is convincing to other people. Through these actions, we get a sense of Michael Dorsey's arrogance, commitment to perfection in acting, and some of his other character flaws. This, however, is only half of his performance in the film, and the character of Dorothy Michaels functions as essentially an entirely different character in the film. Dorothy Michaels is a contrast from Michael Dorsey, and a dramatic one at that. We first see Dorothy walking down the street, self-consciously adjusting her outfit and wig to blend in and appear as an actual woman, rather than as Michael Dorsey dres sed in drag. Interestingly, Hoffman's portrayal of a female character in this way is not the stereotypical performance that a viewer would likely initially expect. Dorothy Michaels becomes a character in the movie in her own right, and this is due large in part to Hoffman's nuance in portraying her. Firstly we get a keen sense that even Michael Dorsey seems to view Dorothy Michaels as if she is a separate individual. He has created an entirely back story for her, he is very particularly about what she would wear, the way she would conduct herself, and about the values she's holds. Dorsey holds to this ideal to the point of absurdity at times, at one point kicking his roommate out of their apartment so as not to imply that Dorothy has loose morals, because, as his roommate sums up, she is " not that kind of girl". Additionally, Dorothy

Term Paper Outline

Term Paper Outline This article will help you get more knowledge on how to write a term paper outline. Writing a term paper outline is the first thing you have to do as soon as you sit down and decide to write your own term paper. The term paper outline defines the things you are about to discuss in your term paper, and how the term paper will come out in whole. When writing a term paper outline you have to seize the whole amount of information you would like to include in your term paper, and structure it the way it would make most effect on the reader. The term paper outline must be written on a clear peace of paper, and with great distinctiveness, as a messy term paper outline can only confuse you, and make you not want to use it. Before sitting down to write the term paper outline you have to complete a procedure named brainstorming. Brainstorming helps you write a good term paper outline, and cover all the points of your term paper outline. Brainstorming is a specific way of thinking, when you think of all the points you would like to mention in your paper. However, this method does not require structuring. You can think first of the ways you would like to end your term paper, and then, think of the introduction whatsoever. This method helps you add some thoughts that were hidden when you simply were thinking of the term paper without brainstorming. After you have completed the brainstorming process, you may start to structure your information. A good way to do that is a method called branching. This is a sort of a diagram, where you draw a tree with branches. Every branch is a thought, connected to a parent thought, which is connected to the trunk of the tree. If you have no idea how to outline a term paper, you may need a sample term paper outline or term paper example, which will help you see how a proper term paper outline is supposed to be done. You may also order a custom term paper outline, and see how an experienced writer sees this term paper, and afterwards use it as your own term paper outline and write a term paper according that outline. If the term paper outline sample doesnt work for you, you might want to consider a term paper outline help. You can ask a proficient writer to help you do your term paper outline, or help with the term paper outline format. The term paper outline format is also a very important part, as there are various formats, which can be used in your term paper outline. It can be either an MLA term paper outline or an APA term paper outline. These formats differ from each other, and it is best for you to be proficient in both of these term paper outline formats. When writing a term paper outline never forget that it will result your term paper in whole. Try to be maximum accurate with your term paper outline and make sure you write it with maximum details, and not forget anything.

Accessible Virtual Classroom For Visually Impaired Students Literature review

Accessible Virtual Classroom For Visually Impaired Students - Literature review Example It is easy to see why the concept of a virtual classroom appeals to a lot of people. It’s usually much cheaper than the regular schooling system and provides much more flexibility when it comes to learning and applying the knowledge. A common complaint levied against the traditional schooling system is that the students have no flexibility in following the curriculum, ie, all students are expected to follow at the same pace as that set by the teacher. However, each student has his or her own learning style and speed, which is especially marked for students who are at the either extreme of the IQ spectrum. Virtual classrooms remove this restriction by letting each student access and process the information according to their unique customized rate. Also, every pupil receives a fair amount of individual attention, which is not possible in a traditional classroom environment. The concept of a virtual classroom is also valuable to people who are in geographically or economically inaccessible parts of the world. It might not be possible to have a school for a community of a few people that are perched in a mountainous area or a desert region. Further, students who are physically disabled such as paraplegics or the mentally challenged can often still experience a conventional education as part of a virtual classroom setup. It is also seen that virtual classrooms are becoming popular for higher education purposes – where this was initially developed.... However, the purpose of this paper is to explore and study if these classrooms are also tailored to meet the demands of the visually challenged population. The visually impaired are traditionally at a disadvantage when it comes to computers and online resources such as the internet – because the mode of data transfer in these media is through sight. If this handicap can be overcome, online classes can be a great resource for the blind as they can empower themselves through the wealth of online educational resources available. Much is yet to done, but several important progresses have already been achieved to this extent. Tactile and Haptic devices have made great inroads into the education of the blind. It needs to be explored in greater detail how several of the successful virtual classrooms have addressed the specific needs of this community. Virtual classrooms are a multimodal information transfer environment. It combines the features of a web conference and video – audio conference. The device applications and multimodal sensitivity are the results of the combined benefits of several web applications such as email, chat, screen sharing, polling, web conference rooms, video – audio chats, telephone conference and so on. Before the question of the usability of virtual classrooms for the visually impaired in analyzed, it would be instrumental to analyze the specific features of a virtually information transfer environment. This is attempted in the next section where each of these features are considered in some detail. Features of a Virtual Classroom The following are the key features of a virtual classroom. 1) Real time audio and video Real time audio and

In Defense of Masks by Kenneth Gergen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

In Defense of Masks by Kenneth Gergen - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that  it is impossible to live through life without putting on or developing masks. Masks are a vital part of human society. Masks act as a source of fostering relationships and understandability between various groups in society.  People portray different forms of their real selves. They adorn masks to masks to achieve various objectives in their lives, but it is a fake characterization of their true beliefs and attitudes of a person. Everybody has a motivation towards hiding their identities. Whether it is to get accepted, loved, ignored, inflict fear or hide from shame. This urge to wear masks is true to human form. The urge for survival in a tough and competitive world makes people act in a manner that is not true to self. For example, it is common for an employee to appear subtle in front of his/her boss just to appease them and look well-mannered or cultured. The employee may in the actual sense not be cultured or well-mannered. He or she may be a loudmouth or someone that ridicules fellow coworkers at the workplace. But because the employee is in the presence of their boss and he or she hopes to get noticed for a promotion or favor, they hide their true identity in front of the boss. The boss would thus pick up a fake attitude or behavior from the employee. The motivation to get promoted or noticed makes the employee wear a mask that hides their real identity.  Society has also forced human beings to wear masks. Societal pressures make people act in ways that are not true to their selves. In a world that is full of standards and demands, people act to please others and not themselves (Gergen 138). Friends, enemies, and relatives may force individuals to behave in certain ways.  

Africans and Americans The Differences between Cultures Assignment

Africans and Americans The Differences between Cultures - Assignment Example Yet another notable musical aspect that has influenced the American musical forms include jazz and blues music forms- that were African instigated- that have made an entry into American music. Secondly, the language system of the African Americans has played a vast role in shaping the culture of the Americans today. Boyd argues that the Africans had to devise a new form of language that would lead to their bonding whilst in the Diaspora4. These languages involved the merging of the African, American and Caribbean vernaculars5. Today, the American language has seen the entry of these languages into the English structure. Though the same has been termed as slang, evidently, the African American language has claimed a huge percentage of the American language. Thirdly, African American art has influenced the American culture. In his work, Mbele argues that African American art has been accepted in the American culture6. Good examples include drawings, designs, architecture and carpets7. Present day American art display a huge percentage of African American artistic qualities8. This is an interpretation of the fact that Americans have slowly embraced and appreciated the African American works of art. The African American cultural expressions impact and leave an impression on American culture as a whole in many ways. In terms of politics, language and music amongst others, African American culture has continued to have a place in the American society. In the case of politics, for example, the United States now has an African American president. This is a clear suggestion of how far the African American culture has taken part a huge percentage of the American culture. The typical American culture cannot alienate itself from the Africanisation. Arguing that America has lost its ties with Africa is therefore fallacious.   With time, the cultural elements of African American culture are slowly being transmitted into the American culture.  

Techniques Of Javelin Throwing

Techniques Of Javelin Throwing Observation and analysis is imperative to coaches in order to provide the learner with detailed feedback about their performance (Hay, 1994). Javelin throwing has shown little change in technique throughout the years and elite performers virtually show identical techniques. Some athletes differ with their techniques by rotating the javelin arm forward, down and then extend it back prior to throwing. The most common technique of javelin keeps the javelin stable without any motion then extends it back before forward motion (Carr, 1999). According to Rogers (2000) the javelin is divided into a four phase pattern. These phases are; approach, transition, block and release and follow through. The approach is the run-up phase prior to withdrawal of the javelin. The run-up develops velocity and this energy created is transferred to the throw. The momentum gathered from the run-up adds 30-40% distance from a javelin that is thrown from a standing position (Rogers, 2000). Athletes prefer to use 12-15 step run up but some find using 8-10 steps comfortable. During the approach there should be a gradual acceleration eventually reaching a maximal, but controllable speed that can be maintained through the transition and release phase. The athlete should be relaxed during the run especially in the upper body and shoulders, maintaining a good posture. The javelin should be carried at a right angle with the shoulder with the javelin kept level and stable whilst in the run-up (Rogers, 2000). The transition phase is used to withdraw the javelin in preparation for the explosive motion of the release of the javelin. The withdrawal is established with a five-step pattern (for right handed thrower this goes left, right, left, right, left). The withdrawal begins when the left foot lands (after 12-15 step run-up). As the left foot lands shoulders turn 90 degrees to the right and the throwing is extended back with the palm facing upwards, so the arm is level or above the plane of the shoulders. The arm is slightly external rotated at the shoulder joint to ensure the palm is facing upwards. The tip of the javelin should be aligned at the level of the chin with shoulder kept level. During this phase the legs and hips are active. The turning of the shoulder controls hip rotation and feet placement and turning of the hips and feet cause deceleration (Rogers, 2000). Figure 1. The transition between approach and withdrawal phase with emphasis on the drawback of the javelin. The final stage of the transition is the most important to gain energy into the release of the javelin, the impulse step. The impulse stride drives the hips and trunk forward. The trunk is kept upright to maintain forwards speed. The right leg is swung infront forward with knee flexed and toe turned up. The left foot then lands forwards as the right contacts the ground (Rogers, 2000). Figure 2. Final Stage of the transition phase the impulse stride. Emphasis on the high knee drive of the right leg. The block and release phase is an explosive continuation from the preceding phase. During this phase the hips and trunk are thrust forward against a straight, left leg. The hips rotate with them finishing facing the direction of the throw. As the left leg is planted in a blocked action the right leg drive forces acceleration of the right hip, stretching the trunk. The throwing arm and all the leg action is kept relaxed and trailing. All these actions cause a stretch of the chest and trunk muscles resulting in a flail like action of the throwing arm (Rogers, 2000). Figure 3. The release phase showing the full extension of the left leg and the right leg driving through the block. During the follow-through the athlete must think of driving through the block. This forces the body high and onto the left toe after release. Another step should check the forwards momentum to prevent exceeding the foul line (Rogers, 2000). Analysis of Performance Using the four phase pattern devised by Rogers (2000) an analysis of a javelin performer comprising of their strengths and weaknesses and comparing them to a good model of practice. Strengths of the athlete shown come in the approach phase of the javelin throw. The athlete uses a 10-15 step run-up with a gradual acceleration which is controlled by the athlete. A controllable speed enables the athlete to gain momentum going into the transition and release phase where the more explosive movements take place. During the approach phase the athlete also shows a good posture with shoulders and upper body relaxed and javelin kept stable (Rogers, 2000). During the transition phase of the throw the athlete has good posture and the footwork is exemplary. The athlete keeps the hips high and upper body upright whilst doing the cross-over steps. During the cross-over steps the javelin is stable and is partly extended. The footwork of the athlete is correct and continues the gradual acceleration gained during the approach run. Prioritising the weaknesses of the athlete are essential so the correct practice drills can be selected and eventually an improvement in technique and performance. The two weaknesses concern the arm positioning and the impulse stride. The athletes arm drops below the plane of the shoulders. This impacts the whip-and flail release as the chest and torso are not kept open (Rogers, 2000; Paish, 2009). During the release phase the block of the left side causes a prestretch of the chest and trunk resulting in a the flail-like action. This cannot occur if the arm drops below the plane of the shoulders. The dropping of the arm below the plane of the shoulders also has biomechanical impacts. The dropping of the arm causes the tip of the javelin to point upwards, causing an over rotation of the javelin. Fig.4 this image clearly indicates the drop of the shoulder beyond the plane of the shoulder. The image clearly shows the impact this has on the hips, causing them to sink and the points of the javelin, which should be kept stable. The second weakness during the transition phase is the lack of an impulse stride. The impulse energy transfers energy from the transition phase to the release. The impulse stride is a final cross-over step but with the exaggeration of the right knee drive. The drive of the right knee aids pulling the hips forward (Rogers, 2000). The athlete being analysed performs the cross-over steps with ease but just has no final impulse stride, which gains explosive energy for the release phase. The lack of an impulse stride means there is no vigorous movement generating no pace and explosion. Fig 5. The image shows the lack of a knee drive. The knee should theoretically be at 90 degree angle. The lack of knee drive reduces the explosive movement of the impulse stride. Another major weakness from the athlete is during the block phase. As Rogers (2000) explains the left side of the body should be kept firm and act as a block whilst the drive comes from the right hand side, accelerating through the block. The left leg should be fully extended so the right hand side can rotate and drive through the left leg. The weakness the athlete shows is that after the impulse stride the left-leg is planted but is flexed. The implications of this are that the right hand cannot drive through the left side, generating no power for the javelin throw. The flexing of the left knee causes the hips to sink meaning body weight is forced backwards. Fig. 6 The image shows the lack of block during the release phase. The planting foot should be firm and almost in a vertical line. The flexing of the front knee causes hips to sink and a lack of drive through this block. Table 1: illustrates the athleteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strengths and weaknesses. Strengths Weaknesses Good posture in run-up with the javelin kept stable. Arm drops below plane of the shoulders when drawn back Uses 10-15 step run-up. Lack of exaggeration during the impulse step Palm faces upwards and shoulder externally rotated when javelin is drawn back. Good footwork during the transition phase, with 3 well performed cross-over steps. During block phase left-leg not fully extended, causes right side not able to drive through the block. Hips drop and height lost during the block and release, caused by left-leg not fully extended. Developing Technique of the Performer As mentioned in the previous section the three key weaknesses have been prioritised. The weaknesses are; the drop of the arm below the plane of the shoulders when extended back, lack of exaggeration of the impulse stride and lack of extension of the left leg during the block and release phase. Drills now need to be created so technique of the performer is improved, so in turn the end outcome of the throw will be improved. Drills for improving these techniques can be combined together with drills for extension of the arm and lead leg culminated together. The first practice drill will be a standing javelin throw. This drill is a warm-up drill but can also focus on technical aspects of the throw (Bowerman and Freeman, 1991). The main objective of this drill is to stabilise the arm. As mentioned a weakness of the performer is the dropping of the arm below the plane of the shoulders. To simplify this drill the athlete could use a turbo javelin, this is a lighter javelin aimed at improving technical aspects or even a tennis ball. The athlete should complete about 30-60 standing javelin throws so the action is stereotyped and the athlete gets the kinaesthetic feel of the throw. During this drill the coach should be giving feedback focusing on the arm position, making sure it is above the plane of the shoulders. This drill is focusing on technical aspects so distance and effort should not be an issue the coach has to focus on. The next progression of the drill aims to perform 3 cross-over steps then perform a throw. This drill despite the introduction of the cross-over steps focuses on the arm position and extension of the lead leg during the release phase. As noticed the athlete during the transition phase lets the javelin drop below the plane of the shoulders, causing an over rotation of the javelin. During this drill the athlete should begin the throw with the arm fully extended to the rear and above the plane of the shoulders. The first stride should then be completed with the left leg and then cross-over step and throw. During the release phase the athlete needs to focus on fully extending the lead leg allowing the right side to be able to drive through the block (Rogers, 2000). The coach should prescribe the athlete to shadow perform this drill and pause as the left leg plants. This will indicate whether the athlete is fully extending the lead leg. Initially this drill should be done at a slow pace t o get used to the rhythm of the movements. Once comfortably the intensity and pace of this exercise should be increased. Again this action should be repeated so the movement is stereotyped to the performer. This means the action can be repeated without any conscious thought. To increase the difficulty of the drill the athlete should throw towards a target, making a gate to aim the javelin towards. The athlete should then challenge themselves out of 10 how many times can the athlete successfully land the javelin. The next drill will focus on the impulse stride. As explained the athlete lacked any exaggeration of the impulse stride therefore lacking explosive power into the release phase. This drill will focus on the high knee drive of the right knee. The athlete will perform cross-over steps over a line of SAQ hurdles. The athlete will only drive the right leg over the 12 inch SAQ hurdles. The will be done so the athlete feels comfortable with the feel and explosive movement of the impulse stride. The athlete should now understand the requirement s of the impulse stride so the final practice should be the athlete performing a 7-11 javelin throw. This will replicate the throw in a competition environment. The coach need to observe all components of the javelin and see if the technique has improved. Summary The javelin throw according to Rogers (2000) is split into four phases. These phases are; approach, transition, block and release and follow through. Each phase has key aspects which the coach should compare against a good model of the practice, the model of practice I compared the performer to was Steve Backley. By using video-analysis strengths and weaknesses of the performance could be drawn. For the weaknesses progressive and technical practices were drawn up so technique of the performer could improve, therefore improving performance. The key weaknesses of the performer analysed was; dropping of the arm below the plane of the shoulder when withdrawn in the transition phase, lack of extension of the lead leg during the release phase and lack of an impulse stride during the transition phase which is the most explosive movement. The progressive practices focused on one or two key points and are basic and repetitive so the technique can be embedded in the performance. Eventually the practices developed into a practice javelin throw replicating what would be done in competition, so developments can be seen.

Mericans :: World Literature Sandra Cisneros

In the short story "Mericans" by Sandra Cisneros, we appear to be reading about a small place in Mexico. The author uses many details in the story for us to visualize the cultural environment. The mix of Spanish words in the story such as, La Virgen de Guadalupe and la ofrenda give the sense of a different culture. The use of the awful grandmother kneeling at mass makes you visualize a specific heritage and cultural behavior. The word "barbarian" that the grandmother uses to describe the birthplace of the children, also points out cultural differences. It seems the author is trying to make us sense a native culture, and not to make assumptions based on physical characters. The "awful grandmother" (Cisneros p.30) is an example of a person in the story living in two cultural worlds, while she clings to her cultural heritage, she still doesn't want to accept the American culture of the children. The children, in the story, may look like Native Americans or Mexicans, but their main language is English. The children also use examples of American culture with the comic characters, "Flash Gordon" and "Ming the Merciless." The children in the story embrace more of the American culture than a native culture with the use of the comic characters. The little girl tends to struggle understanding her grandmothers cultural heritage, and it seems to take her quite a bit of effort doing it. The children seem to be content playing and carrying on without the bother of what the grandmother is doing, and they have no references to heroes of their native culture. The story tends to have a familiar setting to me, one that I am around, especially with the children running around and playing carefree. My grandmother is quite religious and she also does many of the things that the grandmother in the story does.

Greatest Happiness Principle

In his book Utilitarianism, philosopher John Stuart Mills expands and defends the notion of using the theory of utility to decipher between right and wrong, good or bad, in an attempt ‘to rescue it from utter degradation’ from those who have misapplied the theory.   This brief essay will summarize Mills’ view of utilitarianism by outlining its main themes and issues.Mills is primarily concerned with determining how feelings of pleasure, beauty and happiness play into our ethical standards.   His theory is founded upon the belief that a rational human being will make choices and act with the goal of achieving and fulfilling the greatest utility.   For Mills, the words pleasure and utility are interchangeable, a point he makes in reference to criticism received by previous theories of utility that limited the range of utility’s possibilities.In contrast to his predecessors, Mills advances the Greatest-Happiness Principle in chapter two.   This princip le holds that any action can be judged ‘right’ or ‘good’ as long as they promote happiness.   In fact, the principle states that the degree of ‘rightness’ or ‘goodness’ of an act stands in direct proportion to the amount of happiness the act promotes.This has far ranging consequences because it is not limited to the happiness achieved by an individual in each context, but more importantly it takes into account the greatest human happiness that results from any particular action.Utilitarianism, then, creates a model by which human beings can gauge their actions with the metric of utility for all.   His proof of utilitarianism therefore shows how happiness can be morally desired as a end in and of itself.   It promotes people to act in accordance with the greatest common good.   People not only benefit themselves by acting in this noble way, but they benefit all of humanity in the process.

Bless Me Ultima essays

Bless Me Ultima essays In the book Bless Me Ultima, by Rudolpho Anaya, there were two families represented, the Marez family and the Lunas family. These two families were very different, but were brought together by the marriage of Gabriel Marez and Maria Lunas. Through the eyes of their son Antonio one may see the comparison of the two. The differentiation of these two families is very clearly noticeable, such as in their personalities, the expression of their religion, and their everyday ways of life. One can easily see the difference in their personality even down to the most basic things. The Marezs are very free spirited, they do not like to have to worry about things. They can be seen mainly riding their horses around the llano. An example of this is shown in the book where Gabriel Marez speaks of his move to Guadeloupe at the birth of his son, Antonio. In this he says, "The move lowered my father in esteem of his compadres, the other vaqueros who clung tenaciously to their way of life and freedom." On the other hand the Lunas are more down to earth. They are farmers, so they stay in one place to grow their crops, and are very land oriented. They concentrate more on work and less on the free will that can be seen in the Marez family. As far as religion goes the Lunas are far more religious than the Marez family. Religion plays a very important part in the life of the Lunas. They believe highly in God and everything else that is involved in the Roman Catholic religion. Maria Lunas is shown to be praying to the Virgin Mary on many different occasions in the book. The Lunas family has been encouraging Antonio to become a priest throughout his life, to the point that he believes he is obligated too. This is clearly shown in the book where Antonio states, My mother was a devout Catholic, and so she saw the salvation of the soul rooted in the Holy Mother Church, and she said the world would be sav ...

The Story Behind the Phrase Kilroy Was Here

The Story Behind the Phrase Kilroy Was Here For a few years during and after World War II, he was ubiquitous: a doodle of a big-nosed man, peering over a wall, accompanied by the inscription Kilroy was here. At the height of his popularity, Kilroy could be found just about everywhere: in bathrooms and on bridges, in school cafeterias and on homework assignments, in the holds of Navy ships and painted on the shells of Air Force missiles. A classic Bugs Bunny cartoon from 1948, Haredevil Hare, shows just how deeply Kilroy had penetrated into pop culture: thinking hes the first rabbit to land on the moon, Bugs is oblivious to the slogan Kilroy was here prominently etched on a rock behind him. The Prehistory of Kilroy Was Here Where did the meme- and thats exactly what it was, 50 years before the invention of the internet- Kilroy was here come from? Well, graffiti itself has been around for thousands of years, but the Kilroy drawing seems to have derived from a similar graffito, Foo was here, popular among Australian servicemen during World War I; this was also a depiction of a big-nosed cartoon figure peering over a wall, but it was not accompanied by any words. Around the same time  Kilroy was popping up in unexpected places in the U.S., another doodle, Mr. Chad, was appearing in England. The Chad doodle may have derived from the Greek symbol for Omega, or it may have been a simplified adaptation of a circuit diagram; whatever the case, it carried the same someone is watching connotation as Kilroy. At some point shortly before the outbreak of World War II, it seems, Foo, Chad, and Kilroy merged their memetic DNA and mutated into the classic Kilroy was here. Where Did Kilroy Come From? As to the derivation of the name Kilroy, thats a matter of some dispute. Some historians point to James J. Kilroy, an inspector at the Fore River Shipyard in Braintree, MA, who supposedly wrote Kilroy was here on various parts of ships as they were being built (after the ships were completed, these inscriptions would have been inaccessible, hence Kilroys reputation for getting into impossible-to-reach locations). Another candidate is Francis J. Kilroy, Jr., a soldier in Florida, sick with the flu, who wrote Kilroy will be here next week on the wall of his barracks; since this story only appeared in 1945, though, it seems doubtful that Francis, rather than James, was the source of the Kilroy legend. Of course, its also possible that neither James nor Francis Kilroy were involved in any way, and that the name Kilroy was conjured up from scratch by a bored G.I. At this point, we should mention a 2007 documentary, Fort Knox: Secrets Revealed, which aired in 2007 on the History Channel. The premise of the show is that Fort Knox was loaded with gold in 1937, but only made accessible to the public in the 1970s- so the producers at the History Channel could uncork part of the forts innards and visit a time capsule of pre-war America. In the documentary, Kilroy was here can be seen written on a wall inside the vault, which would imply that the origin of this meme dates to no later than 1937. Unfortunately, it was later revealed by one of the shows consultants that the vault footage was recreated (i.e., completely made up), which should make you think twice about the historical accuracy of anything aired on this cable channel! Kilroy Was Here Goes to War The four years of World War II were a tough, dangerous, and often lonely slog for Americas servicemen, who needed any form of entertainment they could get. In this regard, Kilroy was here functioned as a morale booster- when U.S. soldiers landed on a beachhead, they would often see this meme inscribed on a wall or fence nearby, presumably planted there by an advance reconnaissance team. As the war progressed, Kilroy was here became an emblem of pride, carrying the message that no place, and no country, was beyond the reach of Americas might (and especially not if Kilroy was here happened to be painted on the side of a missile penetrating deep into enemy territory). Amusingly, neither Josef Stalin nor Adolf Hitler, two dictators not known for their sense of humor, could quite make sense of  Kilroy was here. The famously paranoid Stalin was reportedly unsettled when he glimpsed a Kilroy was here graffito in a bathroom stall at the Potsdam Conference in Germany; presumably he instructed the NKVD to find the individual responsible and have him shot. And Kilroy was here was inscribed on so many pieces of American ordinance recovered by the Germans that Hitler wondered if Kilroy was a master spy, along the lines of the yet-to-be-invented James Bond! Kilroy has had a robust afterlife. Old memes never truly go away; they persist out of historical context, so that a six-year-old watching Adventure Time or reading a Peanuts comic strip from the 1970s will be aware of this phrase, but not of its origins or its connotations. Its not only the case that Kilroy was here; Kilroy is still among us, in comic books, video games, TV shows, and all sorts of pop-culture artifacts.

Successful Business Venturer Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Successful Business Venturer - Personal Statement Example foresightedness or vision as Silbiger suggests. To do this, one has to have a good grasp of the total environment both internal and external, where his/her business operates. Thus, one has to be a wide-reader and must be always abreast of the developments and changes around him to foresee and anticipate what is yet to come. He must realize that these changes would have an effect on his business one way or the other. Likewise, in any endeavor -- be it personal or professional -- commitment is very much important. Coupled with strong will and desire to do a particular task no matter what, is a sure key to success in business. Because through commitment, one gives not only his time and effort but the entire being of the person to ensure that a particular venture is accomplished. This in turn, develops trust from clients and co-members of the organization. Another characteristic needed is management skills of which communication and persuasion are very much related. Management and leadership studies always underscore the importance of clear and respectful communication within business organizations. Persuasion that is achieved through effective communication is important for businesses in dealing with their clients/customers as well. I believe all these three traits are present in me.

Principles of advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Principles of advertising - Essay Example However, the vast variety of brands and products may also be the companys biggest weakness as it makes it almost a certainty that some items will not become popular. It also makes it difficult to give all of their products enough attention when it comes to staying up-to-date with market changes. Regardless, PepsiCo has the opportunity to increase sales at almost any time simply by exploiting their strongest markets through raised prices and the introduction of new, well-researched, and desirable products. The biggest threat to the continued growth of PepsiCo is the Coca-Cola Company, whose focus on beverages has kept it on top of the market. PepsiCo is a strong company with a lot of power and much to offer the public. Moving forward, they will likely be focused on overtaking Coke. The only way to accomplish this may be to become less diverse, so that more time and resources can be given to their top

Events management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Events management - Assignment Example Some of the temporary facilities include Horse Guards Parade and Hyde Park (Rosner & Shropshire 2010). The new facilities that were used as venues have been maintained, some have been resized, and others relocated. In order to have a successful event, a committee known as London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games was formed in order to oversee the whole process of conducting the Olympic Games (Rhatigan & Haley 2012). This team was charged with the responsibility of building infrastructures and venues of the event. On the other hand, the government had its own body known as Government Olympic Executive that was responsible for supervising the massive billions of pounds that were poured to fund the event. It is worth noting that the committees did an exemplary job in making the London 2012 a success. Several companies bankrolled the London 2012. Some of the main sponsors of the event included Coca-Cola, Acer, Adidas, Atos, Omega, Panasonic, Samsung, McDonald’s, P&G, among others (Cotgreave 2012). Lastly, London 2012 had a tight security led by the police. There were over ten thousand officers who received support from thirteen thousand five hundred members of the armed forces. The police officers ensured that the participants as well as the members of the public who attended the event were safe (Barden 2008). It is reported that massive funds was pumped to beef up security during the Olympic Games. Cotgreave, A., 2012. London 2012 Olympic sponsors list: who are they and what have they paid? The Guardian. Available at:

Literary Genre Essay Example for Free

Literary Genre Essay What is Literature? Language Department IPGK Pendidikan Teknik Based on your experience learning literature, what is literature? What are the characteristics of literature? Do you need to learn literature? †¢? Traditionally, literature is â€Å"imaginative† writing. †¢? However, the distinction between â€Å"real† and â€Å"fake† or â€Å"fact† and â€Å"fiction† isn’t always a good distinction; many classical works were non-fiction. Literature is Subjective †¢? Since the 1980’s, the â€Å"literary canon† of works – a group of works â€Å"agreed upon† to be â€Å"the best† by well-known scholars and critics, has been disputed. Why do you think the â€Å"canon† was disputed? †¢? The â€Å"Canon† excluded most works that were not by white, European males. †¢? Works of literature by women, homosexuals, and works by individuals of varied races, classes and ethnicities were marginalised. How did this happen? †¢? There are many ways of â€Å"writing† – but those in power recognised only one, formal way of â€Å"writing†, and this was given the higher value. †¢? Thus, the literary â€Å"canon† is a construct; it was fashioned by particular people for particular reasons at a particular time. †¢? There is no literary work or tradition that has value in and of itself †¦ †¢? †¦. even Shakespeare! †¢? In his era, Shakespeare was regarded as a hack! †¢? Time and circumstance has offered the value to particular text; and this â€Å"value† is a transitive term – it will change as the people in power change and are altered, and according to the context of the reading of a particular text. 10 years ago †¦. †¢? BLOGS were stupid. †¢? NOW, Iraq War Veterans’ BLOGS are considered vital historic and â€Å"literary† documents! Revisioning the Canon: †¢? All â€Å"literary† works are unconsciously rewritten by the societies that read them. Context †¢? Readers interpret literary works in the  light of their own concerns. †¢? Readers interpret literary works in the light of a given circumstances. †¢? Readers interpret literary works in the light of a given time period. The Diary of Anne Frank: †¢? Literature? Or Not? I Have A Dream: †¢? Is this speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. Literature? Or Not? Literature and â€Å"value† †¢? Each of us is constructed by experiences and backgrounds and emotions and ideas and prejudices and knowledge and lack of knowledge †¦ †¢? How we each respond to a particular text is deeply entwined with our broader prejudices and belief systems. Basic Definition of Literature †¢? Latin – litterae (plural for letter) †¢? Literally means â€Å"acquaintance with letters† Why Do We Study Literature? †¢? To obtain a window of the world and other cultures. †¢? To understand ourselves (how? ). †¢? To gain insights into a character’s inner thoughts, con? icts, aspirations etc. †¢? To actively shape culture through the active and articulate constructions of sociocultural realities. So †¦ what is literature? †¢? What constitutes a â€Å"literary† text? †¢? What qualities will help me to determine the â€Å"literariness† of a text? †¢? Read â€Å"What is Literature† by Jim Meyer for our class discussion this Thursday.

Napoleon :: essays research papers

Napoleon Bonaparte’s natural character can best be exemplified of that being of a revolutionary and nationalist individual. The political, social, and economic reforms personify Napoleon Bonaparter’s natural characteristics as both a revolutionary and a nationalist. Napoleon Bonaparte’s characteristics as a revolutionary can be seen is his consolidation and institutionalization of many reforms of the French Revolution during his leadership of France. In addition, Napoleon’s nationalist attributes can be best expressed in his ambitions to strengthen the power of France and the waging of the many wars in Europe historically referred as the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon Bonaparte’s revolutionary and nationalist attributes are characterized in his political reforms. At first Napoleon favored the republic established by the French Revolution and he supported the Jacobins. Soon after he joined Abbe Sieyes in a successful coup d’ etat to overthrow the Directory. In overthrowing the Directory, Napoleon issued the Constitution of the Year VIII. The new constitution was established universal male suffrage that suggested democratic principles, a complicated system of checks and balances that appealed to republican theory, and a Council of State the evoked memories of Louis XIV. The new constitution in fact established the rule of one man—the First Consul, Bonaparte. He was elected the First Consul, he was the first modern political figure to use the rhetoric of revolution and nationalism, to back it with military force, and to combine those elements into a mighty weapon of imperial expansion in the service of his own power and amb ition. He can also illustrate his characteristic as a revolutionary by establishing an empirical government in France. As First Consul, Napoleon issued a general amnesty and employed in his own service persons from all political factions. He was ruthless and efficient in suppressing opposition, he established a highly centralized administration in which prefects directly responsible to the central government in Paris managed all departments, and he also employed secret police. All of these political reforms characterized his revolutionary attributes due to the fact that he embodied reforms that changed the political structure of France; also these reform characterized his nationalist attributes in that these political reforms were for the good of the state of France.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The social reforms that Napoleon Bonaparte instituted distinguish his traits of an individual as a revolutionary and nationalist. Napoleon continued the policy, of the French Revolution, of abolishing all the social inequality that marked the Old Regime.

The Effect Conflict Has on People

Good morning teachers and peers, today I'm going to discuss conflict, the affects it has on people with examples from two texts. | What is conflict? Conflict is another word for fighting, battling, or struggle. Conflict can be expressed in many ways, such as; war, hate, aggression, bullying, and competiveness. Conflict has negative effects on people. Conflict can result in death, mental illness, suicide, and destruction. Conflict is cause by many reasons including differences in values, desires, needs, habits, and wealth. The first text I'm going to discuss today is a poem called Dulce Et Decorum Est by a famous poet named Wilfred Owen. The poem is based on first hand experiences in France, in world war one. The poem describes owen’s firsthand experience in the front line. | The poem is about how going to war for your country is not a noble thing to do, that Dulce et Decorum Est is a lie mentioned in line 27 in stanza 3 meaning it is not a sweet and right thing to do. Owen at first thinks that going to war for your country is Dulce Et Decorum Est, Latin for sweet and right, but after he experiences conflict his opinion changes on conflict. The next text I'm going to discuss today is a film called â€Å"Tomorrow when the war began†. Tomorrow, when the war began is a 2010 Australian adventure film written and directed by Stuart Beattie and based on the novel of the same name by John Marsden. | Wilfred Owen has written the poem in such a way that it gives the audience the feeling that they are experiencing conflict in the front line and in a similar way to the film. He gives this feeling by putting repetition in the poem like Gas! Gas! Quick boys! In line 9 in stanza 2. By doing this he reinforces to the audience the horror and brutality of conflict. This helps Owen to bring the poem alive and engage the audience. | He also gives the feeling by putting imagery in the poem by saying â€Å"men marched asleep in line 5 in stanza 1 or the white eyes writhing in his face in line 19 in stanza 3. Owen uses this imagery to express just how oppressive warfare is on the soldiers’ soul. The film gives that feeling by showing gunfire and explosions for example when Elli the main character blows up a barrel killing multiple soldiers. The film uses this to show how conflict can desensitises people. | Conflict is destructive. It will ruin people’s homes, break up their families, destroys people’s friendships/ relationships and It also breaks people physically and mentally. In the poem Dulce Et Decorum Est, it is outlined very clearly that conflict is destructive, seen by the experiences and the effects it had on the soldiers. | In the film however, it does show the destructive nature of conflict but the film also shows how conflict desensitizes people. The film shows this when Elli threatens to kill her friend named Chris for falling asleep on watch. The soldiers in the poem are said to be â€Å"bent double, like old beggars under sacks† in line one, this is a simile that outlines the condition of the soldiers and how bad of an effect it is having on them. It is making them brittle and weak, this shows just how destructive conflict actually is. | In the poem it describes how a man is watching his friend die right in front of him after the gas attack. Owen describes this by putting in metaphors, for example as under a green sea, I saw him drowning in line 14. He also uses similes like, floundering like a man in fire or lime in line 12. In the film it shows how people’s homes get torn apart. They show this when the teenaged group get back from a place they call hell, and all their families are gone. Also how they witness one of the characters home getting blown up by a fighter jet. | The two texts I have studied are both similar and different in various ways. Both the texts are expressed from a first person view. They both tell us about how negative and destructive conflict actually is. However the poem is told from the front line and the film is told from a different perspective yet still tell us how negative conflict is. | My personal opinion on conflict is a negative one, after studying these two texts my perspective has changed on conflict. Conflict should be a last resort for resolving matters, not the first. It is simply to destructive for anyone to have a positive view on it. Thank you for listening to my speech and have a nice day.

Narrator in the Cathedral Essay

In the story â€Å"Cathedral,† the author shares his experience with a blind man, a friend of his wife, who comes to visit their home. The author is troubled by the blind man’s visit for unclear reasons, but he attributes it to Robert’s (the blind man) disability. The narrator dislikes the blind and often refers to Robert as â€Å"the blind man† and was bothered by Robert’s visit to their home. The narrators experience with the blind man is an eye opener to him and changes his perspective towards blind people and his relationship with his wife. This essay examines why the narrator kept his eyes closed at the end of the story, and the fate of his relationship with his wife after the experience with Robert. The idea that the narrator dislikes the blind when he is limited to his own sight makes the story ironical. The narrator’s experience with the blind man (Robert) clearly shows his limitations in terms of his relationship with his wife and hi s perspective towards the blind and life. The narrator is insecure with Robert because Robert and his wife were once married (Carver, 1989). This reveals his negativity and crudeness. He talks in a wicked humor, showing how detached he was from his life. He is jealous of the past relationship between Robert and his wife, which he tends to hide despite his apparent honesty (Carver, 1989). The narrator realizes a lot about himself through his experience with Robert. He is always alone according to his wife and he stays up watching television as she goes to bed (Carver, 1989). This shows a poor relationship between the narrator and his wife, as well as the society. The narrator lives in isolation, which shows his adamant close-mindedness, apparently in his feelings and pre-convinced concepts of blindness. Robert appreciated the narrator’s wife more than the narrator did while the narrator is more than remote to her (Carver, 1989). He realizes this in their conversations that night and in his experience when conversing with Robert. The narrator realizes that Robert was better than him, despite his inability to see. When the narrator closes his eyes, he sees the reality that Robert has been trying to show him since they met. He realizes the importance of religion as He leads Roberts in drawing the Cathedral. Robert’s final instruction to the narrator â€Å"put some people in there now† is a wakeup call to the narrator (Shmoop, 2010). Robert shows the narrator the power of faith in something great. The narrator also realizes that relationships are not build by sight alone, but also by touch. The narrator’s wife described Roberts touch with passion, and when Robert squeezes the narrator’s hand upon meeting him. The narrator realizes that one can learn about a person through touch. The blind are not blinded by the physical world and they can see some greater truth (Shmoop, 2010). The narrator’s experience with Robert makes him understand how he has been living blindly despite having sight. In the Cathedral, the narrator experiences a revelation that is both religious, and a social awakening. He gains literal, as well as figurative insights. The narrator learns to live a better life with his wife and other people. He appreciates Robert’s company and the eye opening experience. The narrator and his wife will live a better life after the experience with Robert. This is because the narrator’s view of his wife has changed, and his jealousy of her relationship with Robert would diminish as he now understands it better. The narrator has also accepted Christianity, meaning as a Christian, he will be open to his wife and the society; thus, building a better relationship. He prefers closing his eyes to opening them since he sees the reality of his li fe better with his eyes closed than when opened. References Carver, R. (1989). Cathedral. Vintage Books. Shmoop. (2010). Cathedral: Shmoop Literature Guide. Shmoop University Inc.

How to Find the Taurus Constellation

How to Find the Taurus Constellation The constellation Taurus is visible for skygazers beginning in late October and early November. Its one of the few constellations that looks somewhat similar to its name, even though its a stick figure. It contains a number of fascinating stars and other objects to explore. Look for Taurus in the sky along the ecliptic, near the constellations Orion and Aries. It looks like a V-shaped pattern of stars with long horns extending out across the sky.   Check out the constellations Perseus, Taurus, and Auriga to see the Pleiades, Hyades, Algol, and Capella. Carolyn Collins Petersen The Story of Taurus Taurus is one of the oldest star patterns known to sky watchers. The first known records of Taurus date back 15,000 years, when ancient cave painters captured its likeness on the walls of underground rooms at Lascaux, France. Many cultures saw a bull in this pattern of stars. Ancient Babylonians told tales of the supreme goddess Ishtar sending Taurus- known as the Bull of Heaven- to kill the hero Gilgamesh. In the ensuing battle, the bull is torn apart and his head is sent to the sky. The rest of his body is said to make up other constellations, including the Big Dipper. Taurus was viewed as a bull in ancient Egypt and Greece, too, and the name persisted into modern times. Indeed, the name Taurus comes from the Latin word for bull.   The Brightest Stars of Taurus The brightest star in Taurus is alpha Tauri, also known as Aldebaran. Aldebaran is an orange-colored supergiant. Its name comes from the Arabic Al-de-baran, meaning leading star, because it seems to lead the nearby Pleiades star cluster across the sky. Aldebaran is slightly more massive than the Sun and many times larger.  It has run out of hydrogen fuel in its core and is expanding as the core begins to convert helium.   The official IAU chart for the constellation Taurus.   IAU/Sky Publishing The two horn stars of the bull are called Beta and Zeta Tauri, also known as El Nath and Tianguan respectively. Beta is a bright white star, while Zeta is a binary star. From our point of view on Earth, we can see each of the two stars in Zeta eclipse each other every 133 days.   The constellation Taurus is also known for the Taurids meteor showers. Two separate events, the Northern and Southern Taurids, occur in late October and early November. The southern shower is the product of objects left behind by Comet Encke, while the Northern Taurids are created when materials from the Comet 2004 TG10 stream through Earths atmosphere and are vaporized.   Deep-Sky Objects in Taurus The Taurus constellation has a number of interesting deep-sky objects. Perhaps the best known is the Pleiades star cluster. This cluster is a collection of several hundred stars, but only the seven brightest can be seen without a telescope or binoculars. The Pleiades stars are hot, young blue stars that move through a cloud of gas and dust. They will continue to travel together for a few hundred million years before dispersing through the galaxy, each on its own path.   The Pleiades open star cluster, as seen by Hubble Space Telescope. NASA/ESA/STScI The Hyades, another star cluster in Taurus, makes up the V-shape of the bulls face. The stars in the Hyades form a spherical grouping, with the brightest ones making the V. They are mostly older stars, moving together through the galaxy in an open cluster. It will likely break apart in the distant figure, with each of its stars traveling along a separate path from the others. As the stars age, they will eventually die, which will cause the cluster to evaporate in several hundred million years.   The Hyades star cluster with the bright orange-red star Aldebaran (upper left) in the picture. The Hyades is a cluster that lies farther away from Aldebaran, which is in the same line of sight. NASA/ESA/STScI The other interesting deep-sky object in Taurus is the Crab Nebula, located near the horns of the bull. The Crab is a supernova remnant left over from the explosion of a giant star more than 7,500 years ago. The light from the explosion reached Earth in the year 1055 AD. The star that exploded was at least nine times the mass of the Sun and may have been even more massive. Crab Nebula in several wavelengths of light including visible and x-ray. The bright dot at the center is the Crab Nebula Pulsar, which is the rapidly spinning remains of the star that died in the ancient supernova explosion that created this object. NASA/HST/CXC/ASU/J. Hester et al. The Crab Nebula is not visible to the naked eye, but it can be seen through a good telescope. The best images have come from such observatories as the Hubble Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory.

Affordable Discussion Essay Right Here

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